Understanding Compensation in Housing Disrepair Claims

Housing Disrepair

Contact

Adele Pinkett

Table of Contents

How is compensation in disrepair claims calculated?

“Far from an exact science” is a phrase often heard when discussing damages for disrepair, however we set out below some of the main principles.

The courts will consider general damages and special damages. General damages are awarded for loss of amenity including inconvenience, disappointment, and distress. Special damages concern financial economic losses.

Separate awards can be claimed for personal injury and, since the Cout of Appeal decision in Simmons v Castle (2012), general damages will attract a 10% uplift.

Tenants

The most common method for calculating damages is to use a percentage reduction from the rental value.

In these cases, it will be necessary to determine how long the disrepair has been ongoing (the landlord should be afforded a reasonable period to undertake the repairs), the amount of rent paid during this period (not including service charges) and then assessing the severity of the disrepair. It does not matter if the rent was not paid by the tenant, for example, if they were in receipt of benefits.

To decide the percentage, the court may consider awards made in similar cases. Most cases are heard in the county court and are not binding, however they can be persuasive. There remains limited binding case law for claims concerning fitness for human habitation under the Home (Fitness for Human Habitation) Act 2018, however tenants have received up to 100% of their rent.

In some cases, the courts make a global award. This should be cross-checked against the rent payable for the period of the disrepair. Occasionally, the court will use a combination of both methods. These cases generally concern complex or uncertain facts.

Damages can still be claimed if you are not in occupation, however awards are likely to be significantly lower. It is also worth bearing in mind that claimants have a duty to mitigate their losses and deductions for contributory negligence are often argued by landlords.

Leaseholders

The starting point is a percentage reduction in the hypothetical open market rent that could be obtained for a private tenancy of the property. Evidence will normally be provided of comparable properties listed on letting websites. Again, it will be necessary to consider the duration of the disrepair and its severity.

The court also have the option of making a global award or using a combination of the assessment methods. This approach is less common.

Shared Ownership

These cases are more complicated. A shared ownership lease granted by a housing association or private body is considered an assured or assured shorthold tenancy.

There is no binding case law on how damages should be assessed in these cases, and most cases settle before a final hearing. The general principle applies that the tenant should be placed in the situation they would have been but for the breach. Hopefully the court will provide greater clarity soon.

Limitation

It is always important to bear in mind the limitation period. The limitation period for disrepair claims is generally 6 years from the date of the breach of the obligation to repair. Claims for a breach of contract made by deed must be brought within 12 years. The limitation period to bring a claim for personal injury is 3 years from the date of the incident or knowledge.

Limitation is a defence which must be pleaded. This means that a claim for disrepair is not automatically capped, however a landlord with legal representation will almost certainly raise this in their defence.

How can we help?

If you’re dealing with housing disrepair or unsure about your legal rights, Osbornes Law is here to help. Our experienced team specialises in landlord and tenant disputes, including complex disrepair claims. Contact us by:

  • Filling in our online enquiry form; or
  • Calling us on 020 7485 8811

Share this article

  • “The housing team at Osbornes is the best in England.”

  • “The lawyers at Osbornes Law work with passion, putting in all their best.”

Get Expert Legal Advice Today Our experienced team offers clear, practical advice tailored to your needs Get Expert Guidance

Contact us today

Email us Send us an email and we’ll get back to you






    • Will is the best housing solicitor there is and he has the best housing law mind I have come across. He is really exceptional and incredibly helpful for both clients and people in the sector.

      Chambers 2025

    • They are extremely good and diligent in their work - they are super amazing.

      Chambers 2025

    • The lawyers at Osbornes Law work with passion, putting in all their best.

      Chambers 2025

    • Osbornes has some very good quality lawyers doing very interesting work.

      Chambers 2025

    • Osbornes have a strong team with some truly excellent individuals.

      Legal 500 2025

    • They are tenacious, approachable, and extremely effective in representing the interests of their clients including in highly complex cases.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Osbornes Law are a truly excellent team. They cover a range of immigration, housing, and social care matters with a core commitment to representing vulnerable clients.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Osbornes has a particular strength in handling social housing challenges with a focus on homelessness and assisting children with disabilities.

      Legal 500 2025

    • William Ford has a forensic knowledge of housing law and is extremely intelligent, very thorough, and excellent with clients

      Legal 500 2025

    • Excellent communication at all stages of a claim and an emphasis on the needs of the client.

      Legal 500 2025

    • A thoroughly professional firm who have specialist knowledge of their areas of law.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Outstanding lawyers providing outstanding quality advice. They are one of the leaders in the field.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Alex McMahon is an extremely safe pair of hands for any housing issues.

      Legal 500 2025

    • William Ford has long been a leading individual in the housing law world.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Osbornes' social housing law team is very good and very well regarded within the field, with great solicitors across the full range of seniority.

      Legal 500 2025

    • The housing team at Osbornes is the best in England.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Alex McMahon is another notable team member who practices across housing law, public law, and community care.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Practice head William Ford is praised as ‘the best housing and social security lawyer in the sector.

      Legal 500 2025

    • The social housing team at Osbornes boasts extensive experience in representing clients with claims against local authorities and housing associations in mandates surrounding disrepair, possession, eviction warrants and illegal evictions, homelessness, and anti-social behaviour.

      Legal 500 2025

    • Excellent work as usual Team Osbornes Law. Our service users have experienced some of the exceptional outcomes yourselves have achieved as outcomes for their housing and social issues.

      Keep up the excellent work.

      Options4change

    • William Ford is the best housing and public law solicitor of his generation.

      Legal 500 2024

    • ‘Osbornes are very approachable; in a time where many firms are unwilling to take on cases that do not look promising, they are prepared to look at difficult situations and find a way to assist their clients.

      Legal 500 2023

    • "Osbornes is one of the firms that I consistently recommend. Excellent service, and thorough and knowledgable lawyers."

      Legal 500 2023

    • ‘From the very first moment, I was aware and grateful to have been put in touch with Osbornes. The expertise, advice, leaving no stone unturned right from the first minute until the very last, I would most certainly recommend every single time.’

      Legal 500 2023

    • "The associates have a thorough knowledge of the area of law, communicate effectively and are incredibly easy to work with."

      Legal 500 2023

    • "They are a firm that likes a challenge and are prepared to do the groundwork to develop cases, even if it means much preparation without remuneration."

      Legal 500 2023

    • "It is clear the firm put the interests of the client first at all times."

      Legal 500 2023

    • "There’s a real sense of team ethic. It’s clear that internal communication and case recording are strong because if a solicitor handling a case is away the person covering is fully up to speed, has the necessary documents available to them and nothing falls through the cracks."

      Legal 500 2023

    • "If a short deadline comes up on an urgent case, solicitors are active in collaborating to ensure it can be met."

      Legal 500 2023

    • "The practice is ‘undoubtedly one of the best in the business‘ and has a strong reputation for complex disrepair cases and possession claims against local authorities and housing associations."

      Legal 500 2023

    • Very strong team – incredibly knowledgable with good cross-over knowledge in mental capacity and community care. Thorough, dedicated and very professional. Clients will feel they are getting a gold standard service.

      Legal 500 2022

    • "Osbornes are an exceptional team. They have a wealth of housing experience and knowledge that is ‘top notch’. Clients are safe in their hands. As colleagues, they have a fantastic working relationship with each other and, feeding off of each other’s expert knowledge, their solicitors work to ensure that no stone is unturned."

      Legal 500 2021

    • "The team at Osbornes is inspired by its leader Will Ford, a truly first-rate, modern lawyer’s lawyer. The team have blossomed under his Will and are now packed with conscientious, dedicated and excellent lawyers who always give their clients 100%."

      Legal 500 2021

    • "Alex McMahon – thorough and committed. Very easy to work with."

      Legal 500 2021

    • "William Ford - A good technical lawyer with a strong commitment to his clients"

      Legal 500 2021

    • "A committed and well-organised team with a good knowledge of the law and who work hard to secure a good outcome for their clients"

    • "Osbornes has an impressive social housing team and the quality of their work that I have seen is very high. Will Ford is a very well-regarded figure in the housing law world and leads a team of high quality and committed lawyers."

      Legal 500 2021

    • "Osbornes provide an incredibly high-quality service to their clients. The firm treats its legal aid clients with the same respect and commitment as if they were important private clients, which is rare and admirable. Their housing solicitors are also highly skilled and knowledgable."

      Legal 500 2021

    • "He goes the extra mile for his clients."

      Chambers UK 2021

    • "He is an excellent lawyer with exceptional attention to detail. He leaves no stone unturned in finding the right solution for his clients."

      Chambers UK 2021

    • "This is an outstanding firm with great attention to detail. They work tirelessly to achieve the best possible outcome for their clients. They have excellent client care skills and are extremely organised."

      Chambers UK 2021

    • “Osbornes has an impressive social housing team and the quality of their work that I have seen is very high. Will Ford is a very well-regarded figure in the housing law world and leads a team of high quality and committed lawyers. The existence of family and property law teams at the firm, amongst others, means that they are able to offer a holistic and expert approach to their clients.”

      Legal 500 2021 - William Ford

    • William Ford is "highly committed to his clients and leaves no stone unturned in seeking to assist them with their problems"

      Chambers & Partners Directory 2020, William Ford

    • William Ford "is an astute litigator, and his breadth of knowledge allows him to take a holistic approach to clients’ situations."

      Chambers & Partners Directory 2020, William Ford

    • "They are at the forefront of legal developments in the field of social housing and community care. They are committed to using their multidisciplinary expertise to achieve the best possible outcomes for clients."

      Chambers & Partners Directory 2020, Social Welfare

    • "This a great team - the quality of their work is amazing and they are very professional"

      Chambers & Partners Directory 2020, Social Welfare

    • "An exceptional outfit. They take on difficult cases, fight hard and win."

      Chambers UK

    • "William Ford frequently represents tenants in possession proceedings, homelessness appeals and disrepair claims... and is praised for his dynamic and hard-working approach."

      Chambers UK

    • "Osbornes team is noted for cross-practice expertise in areas such as housing and community care, which it brings to bear in disrepair, possession and homelessness cases involving vulnerable adults, individuals with language difficulties, the elderly and those with no recourse to public funds."

      The Legal 500

    • "The absolutely brilliant William Ford."

      The Legal 500

    • I was very happy with the excellent service from Osbornes in my disrepair case. They obtained a great result in my case and always pushed hard for my rights.

      Disrepair Client

    • The social housing team is friendly, approachable and genuinely care about its clients.

      Chambers UK

    • A broad knowledge places the social housing department one step ahead of others when it comes to community care knowledge.

      Chambers UK

    • The social housing department always go the extra mile.

      Chambers UK

    • The social housing team has a strong track record in representing tenants in claims against local authorities and housing associations, with particular expertise in complex disrepair and possession cases.

      Legal 500

    • The social housing department provides an excellent service and is able to react quickly in critical situations.

      Legal 500

    • Thanks for all your support during this very difficult time for my family.

      Housing and Social Care Client

    • William Ford receives effusive praise for his dedication and commitment to social housing. Interviewees highlight his technical understanding and background in housing law, and describe him as highly impressive."

      Chambers UK

    • The team understand vulnerable clients and young people, and on the front line they are prompt and efficient.

      Housing and Social Care client

    • Edward Taylor undertook my case from an almost unwinnable position. From our first meeting, Edward's enthusiasm was apparent. He was determined, diligent and most professional when dealing with my case, keeping me informed at every stage. I wholeheartedly thank Edward for his endeavours and would not hesitate in recommending him and Osbornes Solicitors to others.

      Housing and Social Care Department Client

    • Osbornes Solicitors give us the confidence and strength to continue and input the belief that the case would turn in our favour … What was most important was the transparency in communication that Osbornes provided.

      Housing and Social Care Department Client

    • Osbornes Solicitors are the pinnacle of professionalism and have gone beyond to assist with this case … I felt that I wasn't only dealing with just one dedicated solicitor but I had a good knowledgeable team behind me at all times.

      Housing and Social Care Department Client

    • I have been extremely impressed with the level of patience and guidance provided in the case … I would like to thank you for your sympathetic approach and understanding towards my mother’s case and I would strongly recommend Osbornes Solicitors to anybody.

      Housing and Social Care Department Client

    • 'First-class lawyer' William Ford is 'completely dedicated to making a positive difference', and is acting in cases challenging the 'bedroom tax'.

      Legal 500

    • Osbornes is commended for its 'rare level of commitment'.

      Legal 500

    • William acts on possession, disrepair and homelessness cases, and has particular expertise in the protection of tenancy deposits under the Housing Act 2004

      Chambers UK

    Related InsightsVIEW ALL

    1. roofs
      2.4.2025

      Significant Damages Secured in Disrepair Case

      Significant Damages for Disrepair secured following breach of Court Order Our client approached Osbornes Law having previously brought a disrepair...

      Read more
    2. 28.9.2023

      Disrepair Claim for Single Father

      Background to the Claim Osbornes Law represented a private tenant, a single father living with his young son in their...

      Read more
    3. water
      10.6.2022

      Housing Disrepair Claim for Leaking Pipe

      Our solicitors at Osbornes Law successfully assisted a client in resolving a severe disrepair claim involving water leaks, damp, and...

      Read more
    4. mould
      19.8.2021

      Housing Disrepair Mitcham, South London

      Awful housing conditions Following an investigation by ITV nearly 500 homes in the Eastfields Estate in Mitcham, south London, owned by...

      Read more
    5. blue and orange flats
      15.8.2021

      Housing Disrepair Due To Persistent Dampness

      Serious disrepair issues Our solicitors at Osbornes Law have successfully settled a disrepair claim on behalf of a local authority...

      Read more
    6. london apartments
      22.12.2020

      Housing Disrepair Claim for Disabled Tenant

      Background to the Case Osbornes Law were instructed by a disabled tenant who had been decanted from her temporary accommodation...

      Read more
    7. wall in disrepair
      15.9.2020

      Housing Disrepair Against Local Authority

      Successful Claim of Disrepair Against Local Authority Osbornes Law, has successfully settled a significant housing disrepair claim on behalf of...

      Read more
    8. london house
      30.3.2020

      I have a disrepair issue can I withhold...

      Withholding rent is not your best course of action I see the logic in using the non-payment of rent as...

      Read more
    9. mould in house
      21.2.2020

      Fitness for Human Habitation Act 2018

      Understanding the Fitness for Human Habitation Act 2018: Your Rights as a Tenant “Home is a safe haven and a comfort...

      Read more
    10. notting hill housing
      15.10.2019

      Housing Disrepair Claim in Notting Hill

      Successful settlement of Housing Disrepair Claim William Ford, a partner in Osbornes Law’s Housing and Social Care Department, has...

      Read more
    11. infestation of lady birds
      20.6.2019

      Housing Disrepair Claim for Vulnerable Family

      Our solicitors at Osbornes Law successfully assisted a client in resolving a challenging housing disrepair claim involving severe damp, leaks,...

      Read more
    12. houses
      23.5.2019

      Housing Disrepair Claim against Housing Association

      Enforcement Proceedings issued against Housing Association Osbornes Law recently enforced a binding agreement reached with a housing association concerning much-needed...

      Read more
    13. buddleia
      5.10.2018

      Housing Disrepair Claim for Structural Damage

      Our solicitors  successfully represented a client in a disrepair claim against a landlord involving structural damage and  severe damp in...

      Read more

    VIEW ALL